The main three learning theories 😊

 

 

 

   

 

   

First, behaviorism. As we know, behaviorists believe that learning actually occurs when new behaviours or changes in behaviours are acquired through associations between stimuli and responses. Learning begins when a cue or stimulus from the environment is presented and the learner reacts to the stimulus with some type of response. For example of student behaviours, like they study for a test and get a good grade. Teachers use behaviorism when they reward or punish student behaviours. Other than that, the examples that teachers can use to behaviorism students is like give repetitive practice, give bonus points so that they want to do more, give participation points so that they want to participate more in some activities or programmes and give verbal reinforcement such as saying “good job!”.

Second, Cognitivism. As we know, the theory is based on the idea that humans process the information they receive, rather than merely responding to stimuli. Cognitive learning theorists believe learning occurs through internal processing of information. The cognitive approach to learning theory pays more attention to what goes on inside the learner’s head and focuses on mental processes rather than observable behavior. Teachers need to involve the reorganization of experiences either by attaining new insights or changing old ones when teaching. The examples that teachers can apply to students who are cognitivistic are classifying or chunking information, give real word examples such as our experience, give problem solving, analogies and imagery or provide pictures while learning this type of students, so that they will feel like they want to study more.

Third, Constructivism. As we know, this theory is based on the premise that we all construct our own perspective of the world, based on individual experiences and internal knowledge. They generate their own mental models, which we use to make sense of their experiences. They like to resolve conflicts between ideas and reflect on theoretical explanations. They like to solve problems and create new ideas so that the teachers need to give to learners of this theory like case studies, research projects, problem based learning because they like to solve problems, brainstorming because they like to think more and create more new ideas and give collaborative learning such as group work. Additionally, with Constructivism, outcomes are not always predictable because learners are constructing their own knowledge.